Only by choosing the right pesticide and applying it correctly can we achieve the best results.
In order to effectively control crop pests, in addition to choosing a suitable agent and timely use of drugs, we also need to pay attention to the time and parts of the drug.
First of all, according to the climate characteristics and pest activity patterns to choose the appropriate time to apply drugs. It is a good time to apply drugs from 9am to 10am and after 4pm. This is because after 9 am, the dew on the crop leaves has dried up, which is the peak time for sunrise pest activities. This is the peak of sunrise pest activity. Applying at this time, not only because the dew diluted pesticides will not affect the effectiveness of control, but also make the pests directly exposed to the pesticide, increasing the chance of poisoning. And after 4 p.m., the sun goes down, the light is weakened, the temperature decreases, it is the night flight activities and night pests will disappear. At this time, pesticides can be applied to crops in advance, waiting for the pests to come out in the dusk and night or in the eating contact with venom or eating poisoning death, but also to avoid evaporation loss and photolysis failure.
Secondly, different pesticides and application methods should be selected according to the pest's damage areas to ensure that the pesticides can be accurately delivered to the target areas. For example, for pests that harm the root system, you can apply chemicals to the roots or sowing furrows; for pests that feed on the back of the leaves, you can spray the liquid on the back of the leaves. For red bellworm, cotton bollworm and other pests, chemical agents can be sprayed on the buds, green bells, and tips of clusters; for stem borers leading to the death of seedlings, toxic soils can be spread; in the case of white fungus, it can be sprayed or irrigated. For rice fly, rice leafhopper and other hidden pests, according to its feeding mode with piercing-sucking mouthparts, selecting pesticides with strong endosorption to spread to other parts of the plant, to achieve the purpose of drug delivery to the location. Only by applying pesticides and putting pesticides in place, can we hit the key points and realize the effect of drug to disease, so that the drug can play the best role and get the ideal insecticidal effect.
However, with the expanding use of pesticides, the problem of drug resistance has gradually emerged. When a drug is used for the first time, the effect is usually good, but with the increase in the amount of use and the expansion of the scope of use, the increase of drug resistance continues to occur. In the case of cypermethrin, the so-called "ghoul of justice" in the 1980s, justice quickly disappeared, and even dozens or even hundreds of times the dose or concentration of the drug could not completely kill the pest. This is because the pests developed resistance, i.e., they were able to tolerate a dose of a drug that killed most of the individuals in the normal population and developed resistance in the normal population. In fact, in natural pest populations, there are already individuals with varying degrees of sensitivity to pesticides. Pesticide use is actually a process of selecting insect populations. Each time a pesticide is applied it leaves behind relatively resistant individuals and kills the relatively sensitive ones, thus increasing the level of resistance in the pest population to a greater or lesser extent.
It is now the case that the development of resistance is related to the pest and its life cycle. Pests with short life histories, multiple generations per year, and high exposure to chemicals, such as mites, crustaceans, aphids, and mosquitoes, are most likely to develop resistant populations. Pests are most likely to develop resistant populations; pests that develop resistance to one type of pesticide tend to develop resistance to other pesticides of the same type; such interactions are less likely to occur between drugs with different insecticidal mechanisms; repeated use or high concentration of the same pesticide accelerates the formation of resistance, and vice versa.
Understanding these developments in students, we teachers can prevent or delay the rise of pest resistance through scientific and rational use of drugs. To this end, we advocate the adoption of an integrated approach to pest control, which mainly includes selecting and breeding resistant varieties, improving cultivation and management techniques, and developing biological, physical and other information technologies, so as to minimize the number of times and the amount of pharmaceutical control. In addition, it is possible to choose a pesticide with a different mechanism of action in China for mixing, rotating and mosaic application.
In addition, the following points should be considered when using pesticides.
1. Purchase pesticides carefully, do not buy pesticides without labeled pesticidal active ingredients.
2. Among chemical pesticides, pyrethroids are generally considered safe, while organochlorines, organophosphates and carbamates are less safe. The safety of pyrethroids also varies, with permethrin, permethrin, permethrin and deltamethrin generally being safer.
3. Do not buy insecticidal products made from processed pesticides that have been banned for consumption. 4.
4. Aerosol insecticides and other products should be strictly required to carry out the "three certificates" system in a way to indicate the permitted production certificate number, pesticide registration number and product service quality management standard number, otherwise it is a product of illegal enterprises, and should not be purchased.
(E) foreign pesticide commodities into the domestic market should also be carefully identified, not to