Biodegradable plastics are currently one of the important work issues biodegradable utensils in the field of polymer materials. The degradation performance of plastics can be directly affected by soil cultivability, safety analysis and economic crop growth. Therefore, Chinese enterprises and industries are actively developing and promoting the application of biodegradable plastics instead of non-degradable plastics. Especially after the National Development and Reform Commission's opinions on strengthening the comprehensive treatment of plastic environmental pollution were released in February this year, the development and application capabilities of degradable plastics have become even more important. At the same time, management experts, consumer groups, and consumers in the agriculture, chemical, and environmental protection industries have not had any doubts about the degradability and safety of degradable plastics and biodegradable plastic products sold on the market. The tableware made of biodegradable plastic (or compostable and degradable plastic) has novel materials and the concept of environmental protection. This group has a wide range of activities, from infants and young children to the elderly. In addition, the production methods of their own products involve personal property Safety is more concerned by the international community and consumers.
1. Related definitions
1.1 Biodegradable plastic
Biodegradable plastic refers to the degradation of natural microorganisms under natural conditions (such as soil/sand) or under specific conditions (such as composting, anaerobic digestion and water media), and finally completely degraded into carbon dioxide (co2), methane (ch4), and water. (h2o) and elements contained in mineralized inorganic salts and new bioplastics. 1.2 Compostable and degradable plastics
Compost degradable plastic undergoes a biological reaction process, degrades under compostable conditions, and finally decomposes into carbon dioxide (co2), water (h2o), mineralized inorganic salts of its elements, and new biomass, its heavy metal content, toxicity test and residue The objects should meet the relevant standards. Biodegradable plastics must also be more than 60% biodegradable.
It can be seen from the definition that the degradation principles of the above two substances are basically the same, mainly through the degradation of plastics by microorganisms, and the substances are decomposed into small molecules and new substances. These materials are hereinafter referred to as "biobiodegradable plastics".
2. Application status
Up to now, the country has implemented a licensing system for plastic tableware. Among the biodegradable materials, only a single polymer PLA (polylactic acid) can be used to make tableware products. But the actual situation is that in physical stores and e-commerce platforms, you can see various tableware products with promotional or advertising words such as "biodegradable", "compostable", "environmentally safe products", and "green environmental protection". Including bowls, plates, chopsticks, lunch boxes, dinner plates, etc. Many consumers, especially families and young people who pay attention to environmental protection, are keen to buy such products and are highly concerned and sought after by the market.
3. Main economic components and labels
Judging from the tableware products currently on the market, the main material components are: materials made of biodegradable materials and non-degradable mixed plastics, such as polylactic acid polypropylene, polylactic acid melamine, etc.; nominally completely biodegradable Mixtures, such as polylactic acid starch (corn, tapioca), polylactic acid bamboo powder, polylactic acid rice husk and other biomass-containing plastics, such as polypropylene starch, polypropylene rice husk fiber, etc.
By:Amy